青海省海南地区近30年≥0℃积温变化趋势分析

Analysis of tendency on ≥0 ℃ accumulated temperature during last 30 years in Hainan area of Qinghai Province

积温是作物与品种特性的重要指标之一,对积温农业气象重要指标的研究,对于指导农牧业生产具有十分重要的现实意义。本研究通过利用青海省海南藏族自治州共和、兴海、贵南、同德和贵德5县气象站的地面观测资料,对该地区近30年来≥0℃年积温的变化,主要农作物、牧草生育期的变化及其生育期≥0℃的积温变化做了分析,得出该地区大部分农作物及牧草的生育期有所缩短,开始期有所提前。由于近10年该地区升温明显,热量条件充足,各地≥0℃年积温有所增加,农作物及牧草发育期的积温增多,为该地区农作物及牧草的生长发育提供了充足的热量条件,对于该地区适时调整农牧业结构提供了依据。

The accumulated temperature is one of important characteristics on the crop and forage produc- tion. Analyzing changes of the accumulated temperature could benefit to animal production as well. This study analyzed the changes of ≥0 ℃ year accumulated temperature and its influence on production of crops and forages using the data obtained from the weather stations at 5 counties in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. The results indicated that during last near 30 years the growing periods of major crops and forages were shortened, while the initial growing period were forward. This was because in recent ten years the average temperature and regional ≥0 ℃ year accumulated temperature increased and thermal condition was sufficient for the growth of crops and forages, which provide a basis for the timely adjustment of agricultural structure in the region.