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西伯利亚盆地西北部巨型气田天然气充注问题研究

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摘要 西西伯利亚盆地是俄罗斯最大的油气区,其天然气储量占该国的80%且主要位于森诺曼阶Pokur组。勘探人员把巨型气田和大量未发现天然气资源一起进行了评价。尽管大量文献中都常常提到大量轻同位素干气,但其成因却仍然是个谜。本研究的目的在于定量分析这种干气中相关热成因气所占的比例。西西伯利亚盆地是世界最大的克拉通内盆地,其沉积的中生界至新生界碎屑岩层厚达12千米。基底则由古生界生长壳构成。北向的二叠系一三叠系裂谷被河流相一三角洲相沉积物由南向、东向充填,北向受海侵影响。新生界盆地的倒置产生了石油圈闭。区域高分辨率三维盆地模拟被用于西西伯利亚盆地北部热演化史的建模。地质统计模型则被用于评价烃源岩的丰度和品质。通过标定井底温度和镜质体测量,对底部热流进行了建模。对来自西西伯利亚的岩心样品进行测量分析后,得出了生烃动力参数。重要气田烃灶排气区排出的热成因气充注与这些气田聚集的气的数量做了对比。研究发现白垩系陆源烃源岩可以生成足够多的早期热成因气并向南(South kara sea)海喀拉地区的储气层供气。此外,如果条件合适,侏罗系烃源岩也可以向研究区其余地区供气。生物气很可能对天然气藏贡献很大。热成因气和生物气的混合可以解释观察到的同位素组分特征。敏感性分析表明,构造和隆起的时机是资源评价中最重要的因素。冰川作用、热流体和源岩动力的变化对油气成藏的影响较小。
作者 E. Fjellanger
出处 《石油地质科技动态》 2011年第5期93-107,共15页 Science & Technology Development in Petroleum Geology
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