王船山“裕于情”的“达情”观——以《诗广传》及其文艺批评实践为例

On Wang Chuanshan's View of Lyricism:A Case Study of Shiguangzhuan and Its Practice of Literary Criticism

《诗广传》是王船山(王夫之)诠释《诗经》的一部重要著作,王船山借此集中表达了"裕于情"的诗学、美学主张。这种主张之提出,显然针对着明末清初汉族士人焦戾峻急的时代氛围,也是传统儒家"温柔敦厚"诗教精神的典型体现。不过,由于时代"躁竞"风气的影响,王船山在其文艺批评实践中并未完全遵循这种诗教精神,尤其是其对杜甫的苛刻批评。这可以作为王船山思想与学术复杂性之一证。

Extensive Interpretation of Shi（Shiguangzhuan） is one of Wang Chuanshan （Wang Fuzhi）＇s interpretative works of The Book of Songs. In this book, Wang Chuanshan raised his view of lyricism, ＂abundant in sentiments＂ （yuyuqing） , which was both his reflection on the manic situation of his time, and his acceptance of Confucian ideas of poetry education, ＂gentle and sincere＂ （ wenroudunhou）. However, due to the impact of the general mood of his time, Wang Chuanshan did not fully comply with the spirit of this poetry in his practice of literary criticism, especially in his harsh criticism of Du Fu. This can be one example of the complexity of his thought and scholarship.