播期对水稻产量及构成因素的影响分析

Effects of Different Sowing Dates on the Yield and Composition Factors of Rice

[目的]分析播期对水稻产量及构成因素的影响。[方法]通过对成都市水稻进行不同播期试验,研究了播期气象条件对产量及其构成因素的影响。[结果]水稻齐穗前的日照时数对实粒数影响显著,特别是齐穗前5 d的日照时数影响程度达极显著水平,齐穗后5d内的温度和降水量对实粒数影响显著。在作用于产量的各性状中,主要因子是有效穗数和空秕率。[结论]成都市水稻安全播种期可适当提前至3月27日前后,使水稻成熟收获期能够提前至8月下旬,从而使灌浆成熟期避开或少受秋绵雨天气危害。

[Objective] The aim was to analyze effects of different sowing dates on the yield and composition factors of rice.[Method] Different sowing tests of rice were carried out in Chengdu,and the effects of meteorological conditions in sowing stage on yield and composition factors of rice were studied.[Result] Sunshine hours before the rice heading had significant impact for the real grains,especially the frist 5 days of sunshine got very significant level.Within 5 days after heading,the temperature and precipitation affected on the solid grains significantly.In the role of various characters in the production,the main factors were the effective panicles and empty husks rate.[Conclusion] The safe sowing date of rice in Chengdu could be advanced to pre-and post March 27th properly,and then the mature harvest period of rice could be advanced to late August so that the filling and ripening stage of rice could avoid or less damaged by autumnal continuous rain.