化学药剂诱导玉米孤雌生殖选育自交系的研究

Research on the Maize Inbred Line Breeding by Means of Chemical-induced Parthenogenesisuse

[目的]进一步探讨化学药剂诱导玉米孤雌生殖获得二倍体纯系的可行性。[方法]选择4种化学药剂二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、马来酰肼(MH)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、秋水仙碱(Col),采用4因素6水平的L6(64)D=0.299 0正交试验设计处理10份遗传背景不同的玉米材料。[结果]DMSO与Col处理对玉米孤雌生殖诱导率有显著效果;DMSO与PEG、MH与Col不存在交互作用;DMSO与MH、DMSO与Col、MH与PEG有交互作用,其中DMSO与Col、MH与PEG之间存在正交互作用,而DMSO与MH之间存在的是负交互作用;38份孤雌生殖纯系与4份常规自交系进行AB式不完全双列杂交,结果各个组合达到极显著差异,A、B组亲本配合力及其双亲间的配合力均达到极显著差异。[结论]化学药剂诱导玉米孤雌生殖获得二倍体纯系在玉米育种上的应用是可行的。

[Objective] The feasibility of the pure double haploid line of corn through the chemical induced parthenogenetic method was further explored.[Method] The orthogonal design（L6（64）D=0.299 0） of four kinds of chemical agents：dimethyl sulfoxide（DMSO）,maleic hydrazide（MH）,polyethylene glycol（PEG） and colchicine（Col） at 6 levels was adopted for the treatment of 10 corn materials with different genetic background was conducted.[Result] The treatment of DMSO and Col had a significant effect on the induction of corn parthenogenesis.There was not interaction between DMSO and PEG and between MH and Col and there was interaction between DMSO and MH,between DMSO and Col and between MH and PEG,in which,the positive interaction was between DMSO and Col and between MH and PEG and the negative interaction was between DMSO and MH.The results among the different combinations from the AB-type incomplete diallel of 38 pure parthenogenetic lines and four inbred lines respectively was a significant difference,the combining ability of the parent of A,B group,and between A and B group were with extremely significant difference.[Conclusion] The chemical induction of corn to obtain diploid parthenogenetic pure lines of maize breeding in It was feasible to apply the pure double haploid line of corn through the chemical-induced parthenogenetic method in its breeding programme.