深海漂浮式风力机的概念设计与气动—水动力耦合特性评述

The conceptual design and review of aerodynamics-hydrodynamics coupling characteristics of floating offshore wind turbines

海上风电场建设是风力发电技术的重要方向之一,随着近海风场深入开发,风场建设从近海到远海是其未来必然发展趋势。但海水深度增加将导致深海风电场建设成本急剧上升,漂浮式风力机(发电)技术是解决这一问题的有效途径。较为系统地介绍了工作在深海的漂浮式风力机的各种概念设计,并依据水动力学特性对其进行评价,指出漂浮式的设计计算核心是气动—水动力学耦合问题,同时探讨了现有漂浮式风力机气动—水动耦合理论模型和解耦算法的缺点。

Offshore wind farms are the latest direction of the wind power technology. Along with the further development of offshore wind farms technology, wind farm construction from offshore to deep water will be the inevitable trend of development in the future. However, increasing of sea-water depth will lead to a significant increase in the cost of wind farm construction. The technology of floating wind turbine is an effective way to solve this problem. This paper systematically described the conceptual design of the floating wind turbine working in the deep sea and evaluated its merits according to its hydrodynamic characteristics. It was pointed out that the aerodynamic- hydrodynamic coupling is the core of the design calculations for the floating wind turbine. The weakness of the existing aerodynamic-hydrodynamic coupling model and the decoupling algorithm was discussed at the same time.