住院患者178773例HIV抗体筛查结果分析

Analysis of HIV Antibody Screening in 178 773 Inpatients

目的了解需要输血或进行外科手术的住院患者中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染情况。方法检测178773例住院患者中需要输血以及外科手术的患者进行HIV抗体的检测,HIV抗体初筛采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法),阳性者送省疾控中心艾滋病确证实验室做蛋白印迹试验(Western-Blot,WB)确诊。结果 178773例需要输血以及外科手术的住院患者中,HIV抗体阳性者238例,阳性检出率1.33‰,238例HIV/AIDS患者几乎涉及所有临床科室;年龄分布主要为20～40岁(77.31%),其职业虽涉及公务员、退休干部、教师、律师、汽车司机、大/中学生、美容美发师与娱乐场所人员等,而最多的还是无固定职业者(50.00%)。结论对需要输血以及外科手术的患者进行HIV抗体的检测是发现HIV/AIDS的一条重要途径,综合医院应加强对住院患者的HIV抗体检测,以便及早发现HIV/AIDS患者,避免AIDS的医源性传播。

Objective To understand the situation of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） infection in general hospital inpatients requiring blood transfusion and surgical procedures. Methods HIV antibody was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） in 178 773 cases of patients requiring blood transfusion and surgery procedures. Positive serum was sent to the provincial CDC HIV to confirm with Western blot Test （Western-Blot, WB）. Results The HIV-positive cases,which distributed in almost all clinical departments were 238, in 178 773 inpatients , the positive rate was 1.33%v. The age of major patients from 20 to 40 year （77.31%）. Although their job of civil servant, retired cadre, teacher, lawyer, automobile driver, middle school/university student, hairdresser and entertainment worker could be seen, most of them were employments （50.00%）. Conclusion The test of HIV antibodies is an important way for finding the HIV / AIDS infecter in general hospital. The HIV antibody test should be strengthened in inpatients for early detection in order to avoid the iatrogenic transmission of AIDS.