四川凉山地区中学生7747人黄褐斑患病率调查

Prevalence of Melasma in Middle School Students: A Survey in Sichuan Liangshan District

目的调查凉山地区中学生(12～20岁)黄褐斑发病情况,并分析农村与城区、汉族与彝族的发病差异。方法采用分层整群抽样方式确定5所中学(城区2所,农村3所)为调查点。由受调查者填写黄褐斑调查问卷,并接受皮肤科医师检查。结果本次共调查7747人,其中男3070人,女4677人,共发现黄褐斑62例(男14例,女48例),患病率0.80%,男性的患病率明显低于女性;农村患病率(0.94%)明显高于城区(0.40%),汉族患病率(0.60%)明显低于彝族(1.74%),其中汉族男性(0.44%)明显低于彝族男性(0.67%),差异均有统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论凉山地区中学生黄褐斑患病率女性高于男性,农村高于城区,彝族患病率高于汉族。

Objective To survey the prevalence of melasma in middle school students in Liangshan district and to compare the prevalence of melasma in Chinese Han and Chinese Yi as well as in urbam area and rural area. Methods A total of 7 747 middle school students were surveyed. Subjects were required to fulfill the self- report questionares and also were given physical examination by dermatologists. Results In a total of 7 747 middle school students （males 3 070, females 4 677） , melasma were present in 62 people （males 14, females 48 ） and the overall prevalence of melasma was 0.80%. The prevalences of melasma in male and female were 0.46% and 1.03% respeetively（P 〈0.01 ）. The prevalence of melasma in rural area and in urban area were 0.94% and 0.40% respectively （ P 〈 0.05 ）. We also compared the prevalence between Chinese Han and Chinese Yi. The prevalences of melasma in Chinese Yi and Chinese Han were 1.74%, 0.60% respectively （ P 〈 0.01 ）, Conclusions The prevalence of melasma in middle school students in Liangshan district was obtained. The prevalence of melasma in females was significantly higher than that in males. The prevalence of melasma in Chinese Yi was significantly higher than which in Chinese Han and the prevance of melasma in rural area significatly higher than which in urban area.