复杂空区群露天开采境界三维可视化及其应用

3D visualization of complicated cavity group under open-pit limit and its application

为了预防露天开采境界下复杂空区群对矿山生产造成重大安全事故,研究以不规则三角网(TIN)为基础的复杂地质体三维可视化建模技术,并以Surpac软件为平台制定出相应的复杂空区群露天开采境界三维可视化实施方案。将该方案应用于某矿区,建立该矿区内露天开采境界地表、地下矿体以及复杂空区群的三维可视化模型,重点对空区群内部错综复杂的通透关系进行三维描述。研究结果表明:复合模型的建立明确了地表、地下矿体及各水平采空区之间的空间位置关系,可利用其分析空区群的安全隐患及空区间的连带破坏作用,为露天境界内复杂空区群的灾害控制、安全性评判及矿区地表开采的施工设计提供了参考依据,从而解决了多空区矿山的盲目开采问题,有效预防了重大安全事故的发生。

Because of the existence of complicated cavity group with open-pit limit constitutes a potential hazard for mine safety production,and of the necessity to accurately analyze cavity group and then create conditions for choosing proper prevention and treatment countermeasures so as to plan exploitation of mineral resources reasonably,3D visualization modeling technology of complicated geological bodies based on triangular irregular network（TIN） was studied,and corresponding implementing scheme of 3D visualization of complicated cavity group with open-pit limit on platform of Surpac software was made,then,a case study was discussed.On the foundation of massive field survey,collecting and sorting data,the 3D visualization models of digital terrain models（DTM） of open-pit surface,occurrence state of ore body and complicated gravity group of the mine were built,especially.The results show that transfixion relationship in cavity group is emphatically described in 3D which can be used to logically analyze jointly destructive effect.The spatial relationships among the DTM,ore body and gravity group are made explicit which can be used to analyze the potential hazards of complicated cavity group with open-pit limit and associated destructive effect of cavities,besides,the references for hazard control,safety judgment and designing for open-pit mining can also be obtained by using the model built,the problem of blind mining can be solved and the major safety accidents can be prevented successfully.