团扇蕨孢子发生和发育的显微观察

Morphogenesis and Development of Gonocormus minutus(Blume) Bosch Spore(Hymenophyllaceae)

利用光学显微镜对膜蕨科(Hymenophyllaceae)团扇蕨(Gonocormus minutus(Blume)Bosch)孢子的发生和发育进行了观察。研究结果表明:团扇蕨孢子为多边圆形,三裂缝不明显,外壁表面光滑,周壁薄,紧贴外壁表面,由周壁形成乳头状或颗粒状纹饰。在外壁形成后期,孢子表面和囊腔中出现大量小球;在周壁形成时期,孢子表面和周围出现较多小球体;小球和小球体参与孢子壁的形成。团扇蕨绒毡层为混合型,内层为周原质团绒毡层;外层为腺质型绒毡层。本文为膜蕨科系统演化和发育生物学研究提供依据。

The morphogenesis and development of the fern Gonocormus minutus（Blume） Bosch spores（Hymenophyllaceae） were studied by means of light microscope.The results are as follows： the mature spores of G.minutus are multilateral round shape and none of them has a visible trilete mark.The perispore is very thin and closely adheres to the smooth exospore surface.It forms the ornamentation,which shows papillate or granulate.At the later stage of the formation of exospore,a number of globules are distributed in the spore surface and sporangium loculus.And spherules are seen scattered around the spore surface during the formation of perispore.Both the globules and the spherules take part in the formation of sporoderm.The tapetum is mixed types in the G.minutus and the inner layer is amoeboid tapetum,while the outer layer is parietal tapetum.The results provide basic information for the developmental biology and phylogeny of Hymenophyllaceae.