孙中山的工业化构想与国民党工业发展政策

Sun Yat-sen's Ideas of the Industrialization and the Kuomintang's Industrial Development Policy

孙中山于辛亥革命前后积极探索中国工业化道路,并为之不懈努力。其工业化构想集中体现在"民生主义"学说和《实业计划》之中。他不仅在宏观上提出了发达国家资本、避免垄断和贫富分化的主张,还在《实业计划》中具体描绘了中国工业化的蓝图。孙中山逝世后,执政的国民党宣称继承孙中山的遗志,并开始进行经济建设,其工业发展政策与孙中山的工业化构想大体相同,也取得了一定的成绩。但从另一层面看,其过分强调发展国营工业,虽然避免了私人资本垄断之弊,但国家垄断业已形成。从长远发展来看,这一政策不利于中国工业健康与可持续发展。

Sun Yat- sen positively explored China＇ s industrialization before and after the 1911 rev- olution, and worked hard for them. His industrialization idea mainly embodied in ＂the people＇ s liveli- hood＂ theory and＂ the industrial plan ＂. He not only at the macro put forward developing the state capi- tal, avoid capital monopoly and the poor ＆ rich polarization, but also in the industrial plan specifically depicted Chinese industrialized blueprint. After Sun Yat - sen＇ s death, the ruling Kuomintang claimed to inherit Sun＇s and began to economic construction, the industrial development policy were approximately the same with Sun＇ s idea of industrialization, and also obtained some achievements. But from another plane look, its too much emphasis on development of state industry, although avoided private capital mo- nopoly, but the state monopoly had formed. From long- term development perspective, this policy is against China＇s industrial health and sustainable development.