大学生体育锻炼态度对其锻炼行为影响的预测

The Prediction on Exercise Behavior of College Student's Exercise Attitude

为了探讨大学生体育锻炼的态度状况及其与锻炼行为的关系,采用《锻炼态度量表》和《体育活动等级量表》对黑龙江省7所大学的一至四年级在校大学生891人进行测查。结果发现,大学生的体育锻炼态度比较积极,总体得分较高,除行为意向和行为控制感以外的其余各分量表得分均高于量表平均分;在行为态度、行为意向、情感体验以及主观标准上,男生显著高于女生;在行为认知维度得分上,女生显著高于男生;不同年级大学生在行为习惯、情感体验和行为控制感3个分量表上存在显著差异;在锻炼行为方面,男生较女生有更大的运动强度,更长的运动时间,锻炼次数更多;大三学生在锻炼时间上最长,显著高于大一和大四学生;在锻炼频率上,大二和大三学生显著高于大一学生;在锻炼强度上,大二学生显著高于大三和大四学生;大学生的锻炼态度可以有效预测其锻炼行为,包括锻炼强度、锻炼时间、锻炼频率。

In order to explore the current situation of college students＇ attitudes towards exercises, and the relationship between attitudes towards exercises and exercise behavior, this paper, adopted the Scale Of Attitudes Towards Exercises, Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, tests 891 college students from 7 colleges of Heilongjiang Province from grade one to grade four,and attains main conclusions as follows： Generally speaking, the physical exercise attitude of college students is more positive because of their higher total score, and the score of the rest of scale is higher than average level except behavior intention and perceived behavior control. The behavior attitudes, behavior intent, feeling of exercise, and subject standard of male college students are significantly higher than that of female students;however, it is reversed on behavior cognition. There was a significant difference in different grade students at sub-scales about behavior hab- it,feeling of exercise,and perceived behavior control. Male college students are more intensive, frequent, and longer than female college students. Junior students was significantly higher than freshmen and senior students in training time; sophomore and junior students was significantly higher than freshmen in the ex- ercise frequency, the sophomore students were significantly higher than junior and senior students in exercise intensity. The attitudes towards exercises can effectively predict college students ＇ exercise behavior including exercise intensity, exercise time and exercise frequency.