绿鳍马面鲀(Thamnaconus modestus)仔、稚鱼生长发育特征研究

POST-EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF FILEFISH THAMNACONUS MODESTUS

在对绿鳍马面鲀苗种人工培育技术进行研究的过程中,采用显微观察、拍照、测量的方法,对其早期生活史进行了研究。结果表明,在沙滤自然海水、水温由前期的22℃逐渐升至25℃、光照1000—2000lx的培育条件下,绿鳍马面鲀早期生活史如下:0—2dph为卵黄囊仔鱼,营内源性营养;3dph开口摄食,7dph出现鳔器官,3—18dph为前弯曲期仔鱼;19dph脊索末端向上弯曲,19—24dph为弯曲期仔鱼,25dph尾鳍健全,25—31dph为后弯曲期仔鱼;32dph后各鳍的鳍条和鳞被基本发育健全,进入稚鱼期。描述了在早期发育过程中体表色素的分布及形态变化、吻部等的发育、变化过程,并测定生长参数。

Morphological changes of filefish Thamnaconus modestus in early life stages, including yolk sac larva, pre-flexion larva, post-flexion larva, and juvenile stage, were examined in this study. Fish larvae were cultured in indoor concrete tanks filled with sand-filtered natural seawater （salinity 32-33） at 22-25℃ and light intensity of 1000-2000 lx under constant aeration. Our observed developmental stages can be summarized as the following： the newly hatched larvae relied on yolk nutrition until 3dph （0-2dph, i.e., yolk-sac larvae）, the mouth of the larvae opened at 3dph （3-18dph, i.e., pre-flexion larvae）, the tail end of notochord upwarped at 19dph （19-24dph, i.e., flexion larvae）, complete tail fin developed at 25dph （25-3 ldph, post flexion larvae）, and all fin rays and scales nearly developed at 32dph when the larvae turned to juvenile stage. After 40dph, the young fish had the same appearance as the adult fiilefish gradually. In this work, the morphological development of pigment patterns and developmental characteristics of larvae mouth were also described.