第一次全国污染源普查稀土行业天然放射性核素调查分析研究

Investigation and Analysis to the Content of Natural Radionuclides at Rare-Earth Ore and Solid Waste in China through the First Nationwide Pollution Source Survey

2006年底—2009年,我国开展了第一次全国污染源普查。其中,对稀土等11类矿产资源开采、冶炼和加工企业进行了天然放射性核素普查监测。本文针对稀土行业离子型稀土、独居石、钇磷矿和氟碳铈镧矿企业开采使用的原料,以及生产加工过程中产生的固体废物中天然放射性核素监测结果进行了分析。分析表明,我国稀土原料和矿产品中,独居石中天然放射性核素的平均值分别为:总U为16 911 Bq/kg,232Th为49 683 Bq/kg,226Ra为20 072 Bq/kg;磷钇矿中天然放射性核素的平均值分别为:总U为2 258 Bq/kg,232Th为195 Bq/kg,226Ra为780 Bq/kg;氟碳铈镧矿中天然放射性核素的平均值分别为:总U为42 Bq/kg,232Th为701 Bq/kg,226Ra为91 Bq/kg;离子型稀土矿中天然放射性核素的平均值分别为:总U为3 918.6 Bq/kg,232Th为2 315 Bq/kg,226Ra为1 221 Bq/kg。

China has launched the First Nationwide Pollution Source Survey（FNPSS） during 2006-2009.Ministry Environmental Protection（MEP） sponsored the campaign of measuring the natural radionuclide contents.And the Ministry Environmental Protection（MEP） organized the measurements of natural radionuclide contents of in the factories and mines associated with rare-earth,niobium/tantalum,zircon,tin,lead/zinc,copper,iron,phosphate,coal,aluminum and vanadium.This paper analyzes mainly the data on the contents of U,232Th and 226Ra in the rare-earth ore and solid waste produced by the rare-earth industry in China,as one of a series of papers on naturally occurring radioactive materials（NORM） s investigation.It is concluded that the average of the U,232Th and 226Ra for the monazite sand of rare-earth ore is 16 911,49 683,and 20 072 Bq/kg,respectively.The average of U,232Th and 226Ra in xenotime is 2 258,195,and 780 Bq/kg,respectively.The average of U,232Th and 226Ra in bastnasite is 42,701,and 91 Bq/kg,respectively.The average of U,232Th and 226Ra in the ionic type rare-earth ore is 3 918.6,2 315,and 1 221 Bq/kg,respectively.