美国文学:教学与研究——郭木妻庆教授访谈录

American Literature:Teaching and Research

本文是对北京外国语大学博士生导师郭桉庆教授的访谈录，话题涉及美国文学教学的意义、目的和方法，文学教学及研究中存在的问题和解决方法，目前美国文学研究的热点，论文选题、研究方法和论文写作等。郭桉庆教授探讨了如何区别对待本科、硕士、博士等不同层次有不同需求的学生以及如何处理文本虚构世界和现实世界的关系。郭教授指出，现在越来越多的美国后现代文学研究者关注到作品背后作者的人文关怀，但是关注程度还远远不够。目前文学研究中存在着文本分析和文学理论运用本末倒置的现象，郭教授认为理论只是解读文本的武器，目的是为了揭示作品本身的价值。另外，郭教授主张论文选题应当根据研究者的兴趣及作品的价值来定；研究方法取决于研究目的，可以做单个文本研究，也可以做不同文本互文研究或者同类文本的比较研究；写论文要言之有物，言之成理，言之顺畅。郭教授特别指出文学教学与研究的实质是挖掘作品中的人文价值。

This is an interview with Professor Guo Qiqing, a Ph.D. supervisor at Beijing Foreign Studies Universi- ty. The interview covers the following aspects： the significance, aim and method of teaching American literature, the problems and solutions in literature teaching and research, the hot topics in present American literary studies, the choice of a thesis topic, research method and thesis writing, etc. In the interview, Prof. Guo illustrates how to treat different levels of students to meet different needs and how to deal with the relationship between the fictional world and the world of reality. Prof. Guo points out that more and more researchers of postmodern American literature are beginning to pay at- tention to the authors＇ humanistic concerns in their works, but it is far from enough. Nowadays, in literary studies there exists an abnormal phenomenon of putting too much emphasis on literary theory while neglecting the reading of original works. According to Prof. Guo, literary theories only serve as a weapon to analyze and reveal the value of literary works. Moreover, he points out the importance of researcher＇s interest and the value of the works in choosing a topic. The re- search methods chiefly depend on the purpose of research. It can be the study of a single work, a comparative study of different works, and a study of intertextuality. The thesis should have argument, logical reasoning, and smooth language. Prof. Guo specifically emphasizes that discovering the humanistic values is the essence of literature teaching and re- seal^h.