机械化稻草全量还田对水稻产量和土壤碳库管理指数的影响

Effect of Rice Straw Incorporation on Rice Yield and Carbon Pool Management Index under the Application of Farm Mechanization

通过设置不施肥、单施化肥、稻草烧灰还田+化肥和稻草全量还田+化肥4个处理的大田定位试验,在氮、磷和钾养分相等条件下研究稻草全量还田对双季水稻产量和土壤碳库管理指数的影响。结果表明,晚稻稻草全量还田有利于提高翌年早稻产量,较单施化肥与稻草烧灰还田相比,增幅3.4%～4.3%,而晚稻产量稻草全量还田处理与单施化肥基本持平,却显著低于稻草烧灰还田处理;与单施化肥和稻草烧灰还田相比,稻草全量还田提高了土壤不同形态碳素含量和碳库管理指数,活性碳、矿化碳和碳库管理指数分别提高了5.93%～7.87%、27.14%～67.55%和11.41%～21.49%。相关分析表明,土壤碳库管理指数与双季早、晚稻产量呈显著抛物线关系(r=0.982 9*和r=0.982 8*)。

A localization field experiment,designed with four freatments,i.e.CK,NPK,rice straw incineration and chemical fertilizers（SINPK）,total rice straw incorporation and chemical fertilizers（SNPK）,was conducted to examine the effect of rice straw incorporation on rice yield and carbon pool management index under the conditions of equal Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient.The results showed that rice straw returned to field increased the next year＇s early rice yield,and compared with NPK and SINPK treatments,the production increased significantly by 3.4%~4.3%,the late rice yields of NPK and SNPK treatments were similar,and lower than that of SINPK treatment.Compared with NPK and SINPK treatments,the contents of all types of soil carbon and carbon pool management index（CPMI） were improved when rice straw was returned to the soil,the active carbon,mineralized carbon and CPMI increased by 5.93%~7.87%,27.14%~67.55% and 11.41%~21.49%.Correlation analysis revealed that the CPMI and yield of double cropping early rice and late rice had significant parabola correlation（r=0.982 9＊ and r=0.982 8＊）.