1951—2010年大连市气温变化特征

Characters of air temperature variation from 1951 to 2010 in Dalian

利用1951—2010年大连市气温资料,采用气候趋势系数和气候倾向率、Mann-Kendal1突变分析等方法对年和季平均气温、最高最低气温变化特征进行了分析和突变检验。结果表明:大连市年和季平均气温呈上升趋势,进入21世纪,升温趋势有所减缓;大连市年平均气温的增温速率为0.33/10 a,明显高于近50 a中国平均增温速率0.22/10 a,更高于近50 a全球平均0.13/10 a的增温速率。大连市平均气温的升高主要发生在春季和冬季;年平均最低气温的升温幅度大于年平均最高气温的升温幅度;年、季平均气温存在突变,突变始于1987—1990年前后,突变前后平均气温均值相差较大;年、季平均最高气温和最低气温大都存在突变,但秋季平均最高气温无突变。

Based on air temperature data from 1951 to 2010,the characters of seasonal and annual mean air temperatures,the maximum and minimum air temperatures were analyzed by means of methods of climate trend coefficient and climate tendency and abrupt changes were checked by a Mann-Kendall method in Dalian.The results indicate that the seasonal and annual mean air temperatures are in increasing trends and the trends have slow down since 2000.Warming rate of annual mean air temperature is 0.33 ℃ per decade which is higher than that in China（0.22 ℃ per decade） and in the globe（0.13 ℃ per decade） in the recent 50 years.The rising mean air temperature mainly occurs in spring and winter.The warming amplitude of mean annual minimum air temperature is larger than that of mean annual maximum air temperatures.There are abrupt changes for annual and seasonal mean air temperature.The abrupt changes appear during 1987-1990.The difference of air temperature before and after the abrupt change is significant.There exist also abrupt changes for the mean annual and seasonal maximum and minimum air temperatures except the mean maximum temperature in autumn.