短暂性脑缺血发作与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系

The Relationship Between Transient Ischemic Attack and Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与短暂性脑缺血发作的关系。方法应用多普勒超声技术检测84例颈内动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作患者颅外颈动脉,检测分析颅外颈动脉硬化斑块的分布、狭窄度及超声分型。并将有症状侧与无症状侧进行分析比较。结果短暂性脑缺血发作患者颅外颈动脉硬化斑块以软斑最为多见,其次为混合斑和溃疡斑,差异有显著意义(P<0.01),硬斑和扁平斑无明显差异;无症状侧斑块明显高于有症状侧斑块(60.34%比39.66%,P<0.01);且无症状侧颅外颈动脉中度以上狭窄发生率明显高于有症状侧(29.31%比6.70%,P<0.01)。结论颅外颈动脉粥样硬化是短暂性脑缺血发作发生的重要危险因素,常规进行颈动脉颅外段彩色超声检测,对短暂性脑缺血发作患者颅外颈动脉粥样硬化严重程度及病因评估有重要的参考价值。

Aim To study the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic plaques and transient ischemic attack（TIA）.Methods 84 cases with internal carotid artery TIA were tested by doppler ultrasound technology in extracranial carotid artery.The testing analysis indicators are distribution,narrow degree and the ultrasonic parting of extracranial carotid atherosclerotic plaques.And comparing and studying the symptoms side to asymptomatic lateral.Results The soft spot was the most frequent,followed by mixing spot and ulcer spot in TIA patients with extracranial carotid atherosclerotic plaques,and the differences were significant（P0.01）.There was no obvious difference in hard spot and flat spot.The incidence in Asymptomatic lateral patches（60.34%） was obviously higher than symptomatic lateral patches（39.66%）,and the difference was significant（P0.01）.The moderate or above narrow incidence in Asymptomatic lateral extracranial carotid artery（29.31%） was obviously higher than symptomatic side（6.70%）,and the differences were significant（P0.01）.Conclusions Extracranial carotid atherosclerosis is a significant risk factor in TIA patients.There is important reference value to evaluate extracranial carotid atherosclerosis severity and causes in TIA patients by color ultrasonic testing regularly.