岩石蠕变模型研究进展及若干问题探讨

Advances in Rock Creep Model Research and Discussion on Some Issues

岩石蠕变是岩土工程变形失稳的主要原因之一。近年来蠕变研究正处于一个探索阶段,本文从四个方面综述了蠕变模型的研究进展。研究发现,在岩石蠕变的三个阶段中利用经典本构模型均很难描述加速蠕变阶段,研究者们通过新的元件或者改进的非线性黏弹塑性本构模型可以很好的模拟岩石蠕变实际曲线;基于损伤理论的岩石蠕变模型是近年来发展的主要方向,可以很好的解决岩石微观裂纹所带来的蠕变;随着岩石深部工程的发展,岩体受到周围实际环境下的影响是不可忽略的,从而研究含水量的变化与水力和其它应力耦合下的岩石蠕变也是今后的重点。最后指出,由于试验仪器的原因,高温高压和各向异性下的岩石蠕变模型研究进行的还不是很多,是今后岩石蠕变研究的难点。

The rock creep is one of major causes in geotechnical engineering deformation and destabilization.The creep research is just in an exploring stage in recent years,the paper has summed up the progress of creep model research from 4 aspects.The research has found,among three stages of rock creep,the accelerated creep stage is hard to describe through classic constitutive models,the researchers have found that through new elements or using modified nonlinear visco-elastoplastic constitutive models can modulate rock creep active curves commendably.Rock creep model based on damage theory is the major development direction in recent years;it can solve the rock creep issues brought by microfissures.Along with development of deep rock engineering,impacts from peripheral practical setting on rock mass should not be ignored,thus to study rock creep under coupled moisture content variation and hydraulic,as well as other stresses is also emphasized from now on.Finally,the paper has point out,in virtue of testing instrument,the studies on rock creep model under high temperature,high pressure and anisotropy are not many thus far,and thus the nodus in rock creep studies henceforth.