阳离子表面活性剂作用下制备一维纳米结构聚苯胺

Synthesis of One-dimensional Polyaniline Nanostructures in the Presence of Cationic Surfactant

在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)存在下,以盐酸为质子酸,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,制备了平均直径为115 nm、具有分叉结构的聚苯胺纳米纤维和平均直径为75 nm的卷曲聚苯胺纳米线,两者的结构产率高达90%和100%,电导率分别为1.6×10-2和9.3×10-2 S/cm.研究发现,聚苯胺的一维纳米结构受盐酸浓度和苯胺与CTAB摩尔比的协同影响.用TEM,SEM和FTIR对产物的形貌和化学结构进行了表征.利用pH监测反应并结合SEM结果研究了聚苯胺纳米线的形成过程,结果表明,CTAB阳离子与过硫酸根形成的絮状物的诱导作用是聚苯胺纳米纤维和纳米线形成的关键因素.

Branched polyaniline nanofibers with average diameter of 115 nm and curly polyaniline nanowires with average diameter of 75 nm were successfully synthesized in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB）, with HCl as the dopant acid and ammonium peroxydisulfate （APS） as oxidant. Their structure yields were 90% and nearly 100% and the conductivity were 1.6 × 10^-2 S/cm and 9.3 × 10 ^-2 S/cm, respectively. It was found that the polyaniline nanostructures were co-affected by both the concentration of HCl and the [ An]/[ CTAB ] molar ratios. Furthermore, it could be concluded the induced-effect of the floccules formed by CTAB and S2O8^2- was the key factor to the generation of polyaniline one-dimensional nanostructures based on the observations of the growth processes of polyaniline nanowires.