天然纤维预处理技术研究进展

Developments of Pretreatment Technology of Natural Fiber

天然纤维预处理是影响天然纤维强化生物复合材料的关键因素。文章首先从天然纤维的物理特性、化学成分和吸湿特性三方面对纤维性能进行了陈述,针对这些性能综述了国内外常用的天然纤维预处理方法,重点介绍了碱化处理、硅烷处理、高锰酸盐处理和过氧化物处理等化学方法,并对比了天然纤维经常用化学改性方法处理后产生的结果;其次介绍了机械加工、低温等离子体技术和蒸汽爆破技术等物理方法和生物酶的生物处理方法;最后对改性技术方面还存在的一些问题及未来的发展方向做了简单的陈述。

Pretreatment technology of natural fiber is the key factor which affects biological composites which are reinforced by natural fiber. First of all, form physical properties, chemical composition and moisture absorption of natural fiber, this article reviews properties of natural fiber. For another,in view of these properties, this article in detail reviews domestic and overseas pretreatment methods of natural fiber and mainly introduces chemical methods of alkaline treatment, silane treatment, permanganate treatment and peroxide treatment, compares the results of natural fiber which is treated by ordinary chemical modification methods~ and introduces physical methods of mechanical processing, low temperature plasma technology and steam blasting technology and other biological methods. Finally, this article prospects some existing problems and future development direction of modification technology.