稻麦“双迟”栽培模式及其周年生产力的综合评价

"Double Late" Cultivation Model for Rice and Wheat and Its Comprehensive Evaluation on Annual Productivity

采用大田试验,通过设置4种栽培模式,探讨了"双迟"(迟熟水稻+迟播小麦)栽培模式对稻麦周年生产力的影响。结果表明,随着换茬时间的推迟,稻麦周年生产力不断增加,其中,水稻产量呈增长趋势,而小麦产量先增后减,迟熟中粳茬小麦产量最高。延长水稻生育期和攻取大穗是稻麦周年高产的关键。水稻一些关键性投入的生产力随着熟期的推迟而不断增加;小麦方面,除种子生产力呈降低趋势外,其他因子生产力先增后减,迟熟中粳水稻+小麦模式下表现最高。适期播种有利于提高稻麦周年的一些关键性投入的生产力,适当延迟稻麦换茬时间可以提高稻麦周年经济生产力。就稻麦"双迟"栽培模式的概念和调控途径进行了探讨。

Effects of ＂double late＂（late-maturity rice and late-sowing wheat） cultivation model on annual productivity of rice and wheat were systematically studied in a field experiment with four cultivation model treatments.Results showed that with the crop rotation being delayed,annual grain yield of rice and wheat increased.Grain yield of rice increased,whereas the grain yield of wheat increased firstly and then decreased with the highest yield under late-maturity medium japonica rice＋wheat model（LMW）.Moreover,prolonging rice growth duration and developing large panicles improved annual grain yield of rice and wheat.With maturity being prolonged,productivity with respect to the key inputs of rice increased.But for wheat,productivity per unit of seed decreased and others increased firstly and then decreased with the best performance under LMW model.Appropriate sowing date helped improve productivity with respect to key inputs,while appropriately delayed crop rotation was awarding to annual economic productivity of rice and wheat.Additionally,the concept of ＂double late＂ cultivation model and its regulation approaches were discussed.