2009～2010年秦皇岛市手足口病样本检测结果

Test of enterovirus nucleic acid from hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)samples in Qinhuangdao City during 2009～2010

目的了解影响实验室手足口病毒检出的因素,分析秦皇岛市2009~2010年手足口病例肠道病毒核酸的检测情况。方法应用实时荧光PCR技术对可疑手足口病例送检的咽拭子、肛试子、疱疹液等样本中肠道病毒71型（EV71）、柯萨奇病毒A组16型（CoxA16）、肠道病毒通用型（EV）进行病原学检测。结果 307例可疑病例中肠道病毒检出率为69.38%,样本的不同来源和存在的不同状态都对结果的检出有影响;秦皇岛市手足口发病集中在5~7月份,男女性别比为2.04：1,以5岁以下儿童为主;EV71与其他病毒所致重症手足口之比为12.5：1差异有统计学意义（χ2=18.86,P〈0.05）。结论切实加强实验室肠道病毒核酸检测工作,从多方面提高病毒检出的敏感性和特异性;EV71型是引起手足口重症病例的主要毒株,实时荧光PCR法可以快速检测手足口病样本中的肠道病毒核酸,为临床诊断和流行病防控提供病原学依据。

Objectives To understand the factors influencing laboratory detection of enterovirus nucleic acid from hand-foot-mouth disease cases tested and analyze the results of enterovirus nucleic acid test of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD）cases in Qinhuangdao during 2009~2010.Methods EV71,CoxA16,enterovirus from the samples（throat swab,anal swab,herpes）of suspected HFMD cases were detected by real-time fluorescence PCR technique.Results Of 307 suspected cases,69.38% of them were detected with enterovirus,and at the same time the results varied in different samples,different states and even the techniques of laboratory factors.HFMD were concentrated in Qinhuangdao in May,June and July.The ratio of male to female was 2.04：1 and HFMD mainly occurred to infants under five years of age.The ratio of EV71 to other virues was 12.5：1.Conclusion EV71 is the main pathogen of HFMD and real-time fluorescent PCR can rapidly detect the nucleic acid of HFMD viruses.Thus laboratory detection of enterovirus nucleic acid should be strengthened to enhance the test sensitivity and specificity.