直接充电式核电池能量转换效率提高研究

Research on energy conversion efficiency for direct charge nuclear battery

通过分析直接充电式核电池的结构和工作原理,给出了直接充电式核电池等效电路。在此基础上,得到了直接充电式核电池的充电方程,及用于计算在不同负载阻值情况下输出功率的简化模型。简化模型最大理论输出功率及伏安特性曲线与Warren F.Windle实验符合很好。考虑到直接充电式核电池能量转换过程,提出了提高能量转换效率的途径:选择合适的负载,增大充电电流,并对影响充电电流的因素(源效率、几何因子和二次电子)进行了探讨和优化,以增大充电电流。

Direct charge nuclear battery （DCNB） has a low efficiency in converting decay energy into electrical power. In this paper, by analyzing structure and working principle of a DCNB, we give its equivalent circuit, from which the charge function and simplified models of DCNB in different load resistance conditions are obtained for calculating the battery output power. The maximum output power and voltage-current curve of simplified model agree well with the measured data in Ref.[2]. Methods of choosing suitable load and increasing charge current for improving energy conversion efficiency of DCNB are presented. And discusses are given for optimizing the source efficiency and geometrical factor, and for reducing the secondary electron effect on the chare current.