试析20世纪70年代中越关系剧变原因之苏联因素

An Analysis of the Soviet Union Factors′ Influencing on the Sino-Vietnamese Intense Relations in the 1970s

20世纪70年代中越关系的变化出人意料,两国在短短的十年时间就从肝胆相照的兄弟变为不共戴天的敌人,促成这一剧变的诸多因素中,苏联因素不容忽视。苏联对第三世界政策的调整,导致其对越南政策的变化,在越南问题上由超然的脱身态度变为积极援助,中苏两国关于援越问题产生矛盾,越南出于自身国家利益考虑,推行有利于自身的倾向性政策,越南在中苏两国关系的天平上倒向了苏联一边。与此同时,苏联调整对社会主义阵营的政策,中苏关系破裂,从而影响中美关系走向,中美和解对中越关系产生诸多负面影响,两国关系交恶,矛盾冲突愈演愈烈,不断升级,最终导致中越处于全面紧张和严重对立状态,两国关系产生戏剧性变化。总之,苏联的全球性进攻战略政策对此期中越关系影响深远。

In the1970s,the Sino-Vietnamese relations changed unexpectedly from reliable brothers to hostile enemies in a short period of time.What made this happen？ In this essay,the author analyses the reasons under the background of the Cold War and in the perspective of Soviet Union＇s global attack strategy.The Soviet Union＇s policy adjustment to the Third World led to its changing of policy for Vietnam.China and Soviet Union contradicted on the issue of the reinforcement to Vietnam while Vietnam implemented self-inclind policy and leaned to Soviet Union,instead of China.During this time,the Soviet Union adjusted its policy to the Socialist Camp and the good relationship of China and the Soviet Union broke,thus the Sino-US relations was influenced.The pacification between China and the US has many negative effects on Vietnam.Problems and conflicts between China and Vietnam increased and finally led their relations to total intensiveness and severe opposing.Their relations changed dramatically.In a word,the Soviet Uninon＇s policy profoundly influences on the Sino-Vietnamese relations.