邹城市地方性氟中毒健康教育效果分析

Effective Analysis of Health Education About Endemic Fluorosis of Zoucheng City

目的了解邹城市地方性氟中毒(地氟病)防治知识知晓情况及健康教育的效果,为以后防治该市饮水型氟中毒提供一定的理论依据。方法采用地氟病防治知识一般调查问卷对5所学校5年级学生及周边育龄妇女在健康教育前后都进行问卷调查,对其结果进行比较分析。结果健康教育前,5年级学生获得地氟病知识的来源主要是宣传单、墙报,占43.82%,其知晓率为61.78%;育龄妇女获得地氟病知识的来源主要是通过医生和防保人员的讲解,占41.08%,其知晓率为64.44%,而且不同文化程度的育龄妇女对相关知识的了解差异具有统计学意义。健康教育后,学生和育龄妇女对地氟病防治相关知识的了解都有了显著的提高。结论未进行健康教育前被调查对象地氟病防治知识的知晓率较低,进行健康教育后其知晓率有大幅度的提高。提示要预防地氟病就应该加大宣传和健康教育的力度。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the awareness of endemic fluorosis and the effectiveness of health education in Zoucheng City, and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing the endemic fluorosis. METHODS We investigated Grade 5 pupils of 5 schools and the women of child-bearing age around the schools with the questionnaires about the knowledge of endemic fluorosis before and after the education. And the results were compared. RESULTS Before the health education, the pupils in Grade 5 acquired the relevant knowledge of endemic fluorosis mainly from leaflets, wall newspapers and slogans, and accounted for 43.82%. The awareness rate of endemic fluorosis was 61.78%. Before the health education, the women of child-bearing age obtained relevant knowledge mainly from the doctors and medical professionals, accounted for 41.08%. The awareness rate of endemic fluorosis was 64.44%. There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of endemic fluorosis among the child-bearing age women with different educational background. After the health education, the awareness rates of endemic fluorosis of the students and women were both significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS The awareness rate of knowledge about preventing endemic fluorosis is significantly increased after the health education. In order to prevent endemic fluorosis, we should strengthen the publicity and develop health education.