贺兰山野化牦牛冬季昼间行为的时间分配

Diurnal Winter Behavior of Feral Yak in the Helan Mountains,China

在2009年12月～2010年1月,采用瞬时扫描法和所有事件取样法对贺兰山国家级自然保护区的野化牦牛的冬季行为进行了研究。结果表明,在整个观察期内野化牦牛的各种行为具有较强的规律性,活动时间的分配比例为移动17.31%、站立16.15%、取食34.93%、反刍5.58%、卧息16.53%、其他9.52%。野化牦牛的取食行为在1d内有2个高峰期(9:00～11:00、15:00～17:00),而野化牦牛的卧息行为的高峰期则出现在13:00～15:00,反刍行为的高峰期在13:00～14:00,牦牛的卧息和反刍行为有部分重叠。牦牛的其他行为在1d中的发生较为随机。年龄因素对野化牦牛冬季昼间的各种行为影响不显著,性别因素对牦牛冬季昼间取食行为和其他行为影响显著,对其余行为影响不显著。

We studied diurnal behavior of feral yak（Bos grunniens） in the Helan Mountains of western China using instantaneous scanning sampling methods.Behavior of feral yak was strongly patterned.Time budgets for moving,standing,grazing, ruminating,resting and other behaviors were 17.3%,16.2%,34.9%,5.6%,16.5%and 9.5%respectively.Two peaks of grazing occurred in morning（9：00-11：00） and afternoon（15：00 - 17：00）.Moving was positively correlated with grazing. Peaks of resting and ruminating occurred at 13：00 - 15：00 and 13：00 - 14：00,respectively.Bouts of resting and ruminating overlapped.Other behaviors occurred randomly.Age was not significantly correlated with any other behavior.Gender was significantly correlated with grazing and other behaviors but not with resting during winter.