网络语言旧词新义现象的符号学解析

Semiotic Study on Words with Old Forms but New Meanings in the Web Language

从符号学角度对网络语言旧词新义现象的特点、实质及词义变化机制进行了分析,认为新的所指意义与旧的能指形式具有不同程度、不同维度的关联。探讨了旧义与新义之间呈现的一词多义或同音异义的关系,旧词新义现象产生的外在动因——语言符号的社会性,内在动因——词汇的能指与所指关系具有一定的自由度,并在此基础上概括总结了词义变化的认知理据和具体变化方式:词汇符号的意义在本质上具有动态性和模糊性;通过凸显词汇语义框架内的某一要素,或通过概念隐喻、转喻或概念整合,可建立旧的能指形式与新的所指意义的链接。

The present paper makes a study of words with old forms but new meanings in the weblanguage by analyzing their characteristics,essence and the mechanism of semantic changes from the perspectives of semiotics.It argues that the new signifieds are related to the old signifiers to different degrees in different dimensions.It discusses the polysemy or homonymy relationship between the old and the new signifieds;the external drive for the generation of new signified meanings—the sociality of linguistic signs and the internal drive—the fluid connection between the signifieds and the signifiers of lexical signs;and on that basis it summarizes the cognitive motivation and means of the semantic changes of lexical signs： lexical signs have dynamic and vague significations by nature;the links between the old signifiers and new signified meanings can be set up through profiling certain elements in the semantic frames,or through metaphor,metonymy,or conceptual integration mechanisms.