国内外卫星用液体远地点发动机发展综述

Development of liquid apogee engine for satellite at home and abroad

综述了国内外卫星用液体远地点发动机的发展情况,阐述了国外几种典型远地点发动机和国内三代490 N发动机的主要技术特点和技术指标,对比分析了其产品性能并介绍了其产品的考核应用情况。自上世纪90年代以来,国内外在卫星用液体远地点发动机的研制中喷注器性能不断提高,推力室均采用了新型抗高温氧化材料,主要以铼/铱材料和C/SiC复合材料为主,最终实现了发动机真空比冲性能的不断提高。先进的液体远地点发动机采用高性能喷注器和新型抗高温氧化材料,其比冲性能指标已高达323 s以上。

The technology characteristics and development trend of liquid apogee engines for satellites at home and abroad are summarized in this paper.The performance specification and the application of the typical engines abroad and the 490 N engines of three generations made in China are introduced.Since 1990s,the performance of the injectors in liquid apogee engines for satellites has been increasingly improved,and all the thrusters have adopted new type high-temperature oxidation resistant materials such as iridium/rhenium and C/SiC composite materials.Benefiting from the modified injectors and new materials,the performance of the liquid apogee engine has been significantly improved,and its specific impulse is up to 323 s.