中国出口企业“生产率悖论”存在性检验——来自2005～2008年中国制造业企业的证据

The Existence Test of the 'Productivity Paradox' of Chinese Exporters:The Evidence from the Data of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises from 2005 to 2008

在异质性企业贸易理论提出后,对中国企业生产率的计算认为中国存在出口企业的"生产率悖论",即出口企业的生产率比非出口企业的生产率要低。但是测算只是运用了求企业生产率的平均值的方法,这不能反映出口企业与非出口企业的生产率整体状况。文章使用2005～2008年中国制造业企业数据,运用总量法和均值法分行业、分地区计算并比较出口企业与非出口企业的生产率,从而检验中国出口企业"生产率悖论"的存在性。最后实证检验生产率与企业出口规模的相关性,结论显示生产率与企业出口是负相关的,这也是一种检验"生产率悖论"存在性的方法。

With the trade theory of heterogeneous enterprises, the calculation of the productivity of Chinese enterprises shows that there is a ＇productivity paradox＇ in Chinese exporters, that is, the productivity of exporters is lower than that of non-exporters. However, since the measure only adopts the method of calculating the average result of the productivity of enterprises, it cannot demonstrate the overall productivity of exporters and non-exporters. With the data of Chinese manufacturing enterprises from 2005 to 2008, the paper uses the total method and the average method to calculate by industry and region, and compares the productivity of exporters with that of non-exporters, thereby proving the existence of the ＇paradox＇ of Chinese export enterprises. Finally, the empirical result of the interdependency between the productivity and the export scale of enterprises shows that the productivity is negatively correlated with export, which means that this is also a method to test the existence of the ＇paradox＇