舟山渔场禁渔线以外海域单拖网渔业主要经济鱼类生物学的初步研究

A Preliminary Study on Biology of Main Commercial Fishes Surveyed From the Single Otter Trawl Fisheries in Zhoushan Fishing Ground Outside the Forbidden Fishing Line

根据2010年8个半月(除去伏季休渔期)舟山渔场禁渔线以外海域单拖网渔业资源调查资料,分析了7种主要经济鱼类的生物学特征。使用FiSATⅡ软件中ELEFAN技术估算了生长参数、自然死亡系数、总死亡系数和开发率等。结果表明,与历史记录比较鱼类小型化更加明显,总死亡系数增大。其中5种鱼类处于超额开发状态,开发率超过了0.5。目前舟山渔场主要经济鱼类小型化严重,捕捞对鱼类影响较大,须加强对舟山渔场渔业资源的保护。

On the basis of the single otter trawl fishery resources investigation in Zhoushan fishing ground outside the forbidden fishing line in eight and a half months（exclude the closed fishing season） of 2010,this paper analyzed the fishery biological characteristics of 7 main commercial fishes.Parameters,such as instantaneous rate of total mortality,instantaneous rate of natural mortality,fishing mortality and exploitation rates,were estimated using ELEFAN technique in software FiSATⅡ.The results showed that miniaturization was more apparent in most of the fishes compared with the historical records,and the instantaneous rate of total mortality increased.Among those fishes,5 species,whose exploitation rates were larger than 0.5,were high over exploited.The results indicated that miniaturization is serious in most of the main commercial fishes in Zhoushan fishing ground,and fishing greatly impacts on fisheries resources.Effective protection and management measures must be taken for the sustainable use of fisheries resources.