麻疹发病危险因素的病例对照研究

A Case-control Study on the Risk Factors of Measles in Jinhua

目的探讨金华市麻疹发病的相关因素,为有效预防控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,收集2008年金华市发生的部分麻疹病例和健康对照人群的一般社会人口经济学因素、麻疹疫苗免疫史等信息。结果单因素及多因素分析结果显示:病例组中发病前3周内有医院就诊史的比例明显高于对照组(P<0.05);流动人口的麻疹发病比例明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。单因素分析提示:<8月龄组中,病例组母亲接种过麻疹疫苗的比例低于对照组(P<0.05);8月龄～2岁组中,病例组儿童接种过麻疹疫苗的比例低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论流动人口、发病前3周内有医院就诊史和无麻疹疫苗免疫史是金华市麻疹发病的高危因素。

Objective To explore the relative factors of measles and provide scientific basis for measles prevention and control.Methods We performed a case-control study and collected the information including social,demographic and economic characteristics and the history of measles vaccination form subjects.The patients with measles were enrolled as cases and health population were defined as controls in 2008,Jinhua.Results By univariate and multivariate analysis,we found that the proportion of cases within 3-week clinical consultation was significantly higher than that of controls（P0.05）,and that the incidence of measles in floating population was conspicuously higher than that of controls（P0.05）.In the subgroup of infants aged less than 8 months,compared to control group,univariate analysis showed that the vaccination ratio of mothers in case group was statistically lower（P0.05）.And children who aged from 8 months to 2 years old in case group had lower measles vaccination rate than that in control group（P0.05）.Conclusion In current study,It was observed that population floating,history of clinical visiting within 3-week before measles occurrence and lack of measles vaccination were the risk factors for measles in Jinhua.