大学跨学科研究系统建构及其对我国大学的启示

Study on the Construction of Interdisciplinary Research Organization System and Its Enlightenment for Universities in China

基于Rhoten的跨学科研究系统"变化的三角形"理论,以治理结构为核心的"系统实施"的探讨为起点,结合美国大学跨学科研究成功案例的分析,可得出如下结论:一个高产出、高效率的跨学科研究系统首先是一个获得大学中央管理系统支持和推动,与院系学术组织系统建立起良好矩阵式管理架构,并形成以学科范式整合和团队合作的知识生产方式、网络服务式管理为特征的内部运行机制的组织系统;同时,跨学科研究系统的实施还需不断催生发展动力,营造和培育由学科生态环境、制度环境与文化环境构成的内部环境以及不断提供资助和专业指导的外部环境。上述研究成果可为我国大学实施跨学科研究提供有益的借鉴和启示。

Based on the theory of ＂triangle of change＂ on interdisciplinary research advanced by Diana Rhoten and combined with the analysis of cases of interdisciplinary research at American universities, this study focuses on the exploration of the ＂systemic implementation＂ acting as the core of university governance structure. This study concludes that a highly-productive, and highly-efficient interdisciplinary research system has the following characteristics, first and foremost, it should gain the strong support and motivation from the central management system of the university; secondly, it should build up a well-functioning rectangular management structure within traditional academic organizations such as colleges or departments; thirdly, it should establish an internal dynamic organization system characterized not only by the production of knowledge with the integration of discipline paradigms and team collaboration but also by network service management. Moreover, the implementation of interdisciplinary research system should also generate sustainable driving forces of development, cultivate an internal environment constituted with disciplinary ecological environment, institutional environment and cultural environment, and construct an external environment with continuous supplies of funds and professional instructions. The above conclusion may provide helpful inspiration and enlightenment for the interdisciplinary research at universities in China.