基于地区形势认识模式,东北亚地区合作应对核灾难

A Northern-East Asian Regional Cooperation on Transactional Nuclear Disaster based on Regional Situation Awareness Model

具有地缘政治学上特殊关系的韩中日三国,在核安全及应对核灾难时,不该仅仅从本国利益出发,而应该从区域公共财产的层面考虑问题。福岛核辐射事件呼吁三国加强区域合作的紧急需要。应对核灾难的东北亚地区合作,不是仅从简单的多变合作关系框架出发,而是为了保证作为地区公共财产安全的核安全,作为地区形势认识模式,提出了系统而具体的核灾难应对模式,提出了将制度性框架和具体合作方案进行系统联结的理论模式。基于Endsely的地区形势认识模式,地区形势认识模式由认识—理解—预测这三个阶段组成。在实践层面,地区形势认识模式可以被应用为建设系统而具体的东北亚应对核灾难的合作机制。为了构筑基于地区形势认识的东北亚合作体系,首先要在保证三国合作连续性的政治意志,其实要设定围绕地区合作方向性的竞争结构及与其他地区的关系,最后,为确保三国合作的有效性,有必要设立更加具体而有约束力的制度措施。

Nuclear safety and the emergency response of Korea, China and Japan should be considered as a Regional Public Goods rather than national interests standing point due to geopolitical proximity. The Accident at Hukushima Dai Nichi Nuclear Power Plants calls for urgent need for strengthening regional cooperation amongst those of three countries. The Regional Situation Awareness （SA） model ensures a systematic and specific response for regional cooperation of northeast Asia＇s nuclear emergency rather than considering nuclear emergency response as a mere multi-lateral cooperation amongst countries. The regional SA model is a theoretical model that provides a systematic link between institutional arrangement and a specific and practical way of regional cooperation on nuclear emergency response. Based on Endsely＇s SA model, the regional SA model is a decision making process comprised with three-stage cognitive process-regional situation perception, comprehension predictiondecision making and mental model. In practical, regional SA model can be implemented to architect systematic and specific Northeast Asian cooperative mechanism for managing nuclear emergency through regional mental model, which are consisted of institutional arrangement and national nuclear emergency management systems including hardware and software. For the succesful regional cooperative nuclear emergency response based on regional situation awareness model in Northeast Asia region, following three aspects should be taken into account. Firstly, the pohtical will for the continuum of regional cooperation on nuclear emergency response should be ensured. Next, the orientation of regional cooperation with other region or competition should be set strategically. Finally, Effective tripartite cooperation and twotiered cooperative relation with ASEAN requires specific and legally binding institutional arrangement.