布迪厄实践理论视野下的中国农民合作

Farmers' Cooperation in China From the Perspective of Bourdieau's Praxeology

农民合作是解决三农问题的必然选择,对农民的利益和社会稳定都有重要意义。学术界对于中国"农民必须合作才有出路"基本达成共识,但对于农民合作是否现实可能却存在"善分"和"善合"的争论。根据布迪厄的实践理论,农民合作是实践活动,存在时空性、紧迫性和特有的运作逻辑。分化的农民在不同合作场域中的关系系统、相对位置和资本具有差异,加上对农民合作惯习的认识、判断、体会、策略不一,农民合作在实践的不同层面、领域和环节就表现出多元化特征。实践理论可以给农民合作的相关政策一定理论支撑,确立农民合作相对的独立性,提升农民合作制度的地位。因此,要区别对待不同情况,因地制宜去发挥农民的自主性,在实践中去寻找农民合作的生机。

Farmers＇ cooperation becomes an inevitable choice to solve ＂issues concerning agriculture, farmers and rural area＂ , which is significant for both farmers＇ interests and social stability. Academic circles have common view on ＂farmers in China should cooperate to develop＂, but have controversy on whether farmers cooperation is possible in reality or not. According to Bourdieau＇s Praxeology, farmers＇ cooperation is a practical activity releVant to space, time, urgency and special operational logic. Different farmers have diverse relation systems, relative position and capital,and their knowledge, judgments, experiences and strategy become divided about cooperation habitus. Therefore, the practice of farmers＇ cooperation shows up the diverse characteristics in different aspects, fields and phases. Bourdieau＇s Praxeology theoretically supports the policy about farmers＇ cooperation by establishing the relative independence of farmers＇ cooperation, and promoting the status of farmers＇ cooperation institution. For this reason,it is necessary to look for the vitality of farmers＇ cooperation in practice by distinguishing among different situations and bringing into play of farmers autonomy in accordance with local conditions.