从农事实践看地方性知识与科学知识的契合——兼论传统农业的现代化演变

Integration of Local and Scientific Knowledge in Farming Practice——Also a Discussion on the Modernization of Traditional Agriculture

地方性知识具有灵活性、开放性和环境适应性的特点。农事实践中的技术选择体现了地方性知识与科学知识的契合性。我国传统农业发达,农民生产经验丰富,但科学知识却贫乏。需要用科学的眼光加强对地方性农业知识的挖掘和整理,扩大其传播途径和影响范围,使呈凌乱状和消弭状的经验型农业传统知识系统化、科学化。而在传统农业向现代农业的转型中,农民应增加科学知识的修养,自觉融合二者并运用这种契合性,发挥地方性知识的环境适应性和生态呵护作用,创造出一种生态、环保、可持续发展的新型农业实践。

Local knowledge has the features of flexibility, openness and environmental adaptability. Although the traditional agriculture is well developed in China, the the farmers are poor in scientific knowledge. Technical choices of farming practice reflect the integration of local and scientific knowledge. We should use science to reconstruct the local agriculture and to expand the scope and impact of its transmission, so as to make traditional agricul- ture knowledge systematic and scientific. And in the transition from traditional agriculture to modern one, the farmers should increase the cultivation of scientific knowledge,integrate and take full use of the both, so as to create a new farming practice friendly to ecology,environment and sustainable development of agriculture.