社会风险的整合治理机制与模型建构

The Integrated Governance Mechanism and Model of Social Risks

在社会风险理论的知识谱系中,主要形成了"现实主义—社会风险"、"制度主义—风险社会"、"建构主义—风险文化"的理论演进"连续统"。与之相对应的是,在这三大理论的基础上形成了社会风险治理的三种模式:基于现实主义的以专家为中心的"工程—技术"模式,基于制度主义的以政治为中心的"组织—制度"模式,基于建构主义的以社会为中心的"社团—运动"模式。论文在梳理这一知识谱系的基础上,重新设计和厘定了社会风险治理的流程框架,并结合风险流程三个阶段的治理重点与三种风险治理模式的不同特点,建构了一个系统的、复合的、循环的社会风险整合治理机制模型,以期能够更为有效地应对现代性风险的挑战。

In the knowledge genealogy of social risk theories, the series unity evolved from＂ realism-social risks＂ and ＂institutionalism-risk society＂ to ＂constructivism-risk culture＂. Correspondingly, three patterns of social risk governance have been formulated on the basis of the above three theories ： the realism-based, expert-centered pattern of ＂engineering-technology＂, the institutionalism-based, politics-centered ＂organization-system＂, and the constructivism-based, society-centered ＂community campaign＂. The present paper reorganized the knowledge structure of the social risk governance theories, redesigned the process framework, and set up a systematic, comprehensive, recyclable model of social risk governance in consideration of the focuses at the three stages of risk process and the characteristics of each pattern, in order to meet the challenges of modernity.