现代汉语结构助词“的”和老挝语结构助词thi^(︶33)的对比研究

A Contrastive Analysis of the Modern Chinese Structural Particle "de(的)" and the Laotian Structural Particle "thi-33"

汉语结构助词"的"前后成分与老挝语结构助词thi^(︶33)相对应的后前成分有异同,尤其表现在老挝语里的thi^(︶33)字短语的使用范围比汉语里的"的"字短语小得多。在"的"和thi^(︶33)的隐现规律的异同中,又表现为特别老挝语里的结构助词和汉语的结构助词一样具有凸显偏项的功能,不同的是汉语内涵定语是否加"的"形成称谓性定语和非称谓性定语的对立,而老挝语里没有这种对立,老挝语里表称谓性的定语不加结构助词,而一些描写性的定语也同样可以不加结构助词。

This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the components which are before or after the Chinese particle ＂de （的）＂ and the corresponding components which are after or before the Laotian particle thi - 33. The latter is used more limited. The study reveals the similarities and differences of their occurrence rules as well as their similar function to highlight the modifier, whether using ＂de＂ or not in Chinese will form the opposition of non -appellation attribute and appellation attribute, but there is no such opposition in the Laotian language which does not use such structural particles like this.