矿产与冲突:探析刚果(金)内战中的资源因素

Minerals and Conflicts in the Civil War of the Congo(Kinshasa)

刚果(金)矿产资源丰富,素有"中非宝石"和"世界原料仓库"的美称。但刚果(金)潜在的资源优势没有转化成现实的发展优势,反而致使国家陷入连年战乱的泥沼。内战中,对刚果(金)矿产的非法开采和走私活动达到了高潮,钻石、黄金、钴、钽、锡等矿产品大量外流,参战各方和西方国家都渴望借机从刚果(金)的矿产财富中分一杯羹。厘清刚果(金)的矿产资源与内战之间的联系,分析资源因素对当代战争的影响,对于认识当前非洲部分国家和地区的冲突具有重要意义。

Known as “the gem of Central Africa” and “the world raw materials warehouse”, the Congo （Kinshasa） is a country with abundant mineral resources. However, its potential advantage in resources has not become opportunities of development. Rather, it involves the country in a civil war. During the war, the illegal exploitation and smuggling of mineral resources reached the peak, and large amounts of diamond, gold, cobalt, tantalum, tin and other mineral products flowed out of the country. The warring parties and western countries are eager to grab a share of the spoils. Therefore, it is of great significance to sort out the relationship between mineral resources and the civil war and analyze the influence of natural resources on modern wars, which is also helpful in enhancing understanding of African civil wars and in maintaining peace and development on the African continent.