心理控制源与缺陷感对大学生孤独感的影响

The Effects of Locus of Control and the Feelings of Inadequacy on Loneliness

目的:探讨心理控制源与缺陷感对大学生孤独感的影响,并分析缺陷感在心理控制源与孤独感之间的中介作用。方法:采用UCLA孤独量表、缺陷感量表和IPC量表对427名大学生进行问卷调查。结果:一是孤独感总分显著高于常模(t=9.86,P<0.01);缺陷感总分显著高于前人研究结果(t=10.33,P<0.01);内控性显著低于常模(t=-18.40,P<0.01),机遇显著高于常模(t=4.09,P<0.01)。二是对于男大学生,自尊、社交自信和体能能反方向显著预测孤独感(β=-0.29、-0.29和-0.23,P<0.05);对于女大学生,自尊、社交自信能反方向显著预测孤独感(β=-0.29和-0.38,P<0.01)。三是缺陷感在内控性预测孤独感中,起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的比率为47%;而缺陷感在两种外控源(机遇、势力他人)预测孤独感中起完全中介效应。结论:心理控制源和缺陷感对孤独感都有显著预测作用,缺陷感在心理控制源预测孤独感之间起中介作用。

Objective ： To explore the effects of locus of control and the feelings of inadequacy on loneliness, and to analyze mediation effects of the feelings of inadequacy. Methods： UCLA Loneliness Scale, The Feelings of Inadequacy Scale and Internality, Powerful Others, and Chance Scale were administered 427 college students. Results： （1）The scores of loneliness were significantly higher than the norm（t=9.86,P 〈 0.01 ）; the feelings of inadequacy were significantly higher than the norm（t=10.33,P 〈 0.01 ）; the score of internality was significantly lower than the norm （t=-18.40,P 〈 0.01）and the score of chance were significantly higher than the norm（t=4.09,P 〈 0.01 ）. （2）In the male students sample, self-esteem, social-contact-self-confidence and physical ability were negative predictors to loneliness（β=-0.29,-0.29 和-0.23,P 〈 0.05）; in the female students sample, self-esteem and socialcontact-self-confidence were negative predictors to loneliness （β=-0.29 和-0.38, P 〈 0.01 ）. （3）The feelings of inadequacy was a part mediator between internality and loneliness; and it was a whole mediator between chance, powerful others and loneliness. Conclusion： Locus of control and the feelings of inadequacy were significant predictors to loneliness; and the feelings of inadequacy acted a mediator between locus of control and loneliness.