个体特征对临床护士职业倦怠的影响

Influence of individual characteristics on job burnout of clinical nurses

[目的]探讨个体特征对临床护士职业倦怠的影响。[方法]采用护士职业倦怠量表和自行设计的临床护士一般资料问卷,对5所综合性三级甲等医院的412名临床护士进行职业倦怠情况调查。[结果]412名临床护士职业倦怠和情感衰竭维度处于高水平,低成就感和人格解体维度处于中等水平;不同年龄、所在科室、劳动人事关系、当前技术职称、目前所获得的最高学历、个人月总收入和工龄的护士职业倦怠得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]护士职业倦怠水平受年龄、所在科室、劳动人事关系、当前技术职称、目前所获得的最高学历、个人月总收入和工龄等个体特征的影响,临床护士的职业倦怠处于高水平,应根据临床护士的个体特征,采取有针对性的预防和干预措施,以控制和缓解其职业倦怠水平。

Objective：To probe into the influence of individual characteristics on the job burnout of the clinical nurses.Methods：A total of 412 nurses from 5 comprehensive and third-grade A hospitals were selected and surveyed about job burnout by using the self-designed general condition questionnaire of clinical nurse and nurse job burnout scale.Results：In 412 nurses,the dimensions of job burnout and emotional exhaustion were at high level,low sense of accomplishment and depersonalization dimensions were at a medium level;there were statistical significant differences in terms of nurses job burnout among nurses with different individual characteristics such as age,marital status,working department,labor and personnel relations,technical positions,the highest level education obtained,monthly income and working age（P0.05）.Conclusion：Nurses job burnout level is affected by individual characteristics including age,marital status,working department,labor and personnel relations,technical positions,the highest level education obtained,monthly income and working age and job burnout of clinical nurses is at high level,so some targeted prevention and intervention measures based on individual characteristics of clinical nurses should be taken in order to control and relieve the job burnout level of nurses