生产成本依赖规模经济效应的供应链需求扰动管理

Demand Disturbance Management with Scale-Economy-Effect-Dependent Production Cost in Supply Chain

分析了一个供应商和一个零售商组成的供应链中,供应商单位生产成本依赖规模经济效应,需求发生扰动带动单位生产成本随之发生变化时,集中控制下供应链的扰动管理策略和分散决策下供应链的协调机制;也探讨了供应商对扰动没有反应时的供应链协调机制。研究发现,扰动幅度不大时,原生产计划具有一定的鲁棒性;当扰动幅度较大时,需要同时调整价格和订货量,即采用不同的数量折扣策略协调供应链。同时,引入算例进行数值分析,结果表明,只要供应商能够对扰动作出反应,就能够使自身利润增加、供应链得到协调。

The supply chain considered in this paper is composed of a supplier and a retailer. In such a supply chain, the unit production cost depends on scale economy effect and varies as the demands change. Study is conducted in this paper on the disturbance management issue under centralized mode and the coordination mechanism under decentralized mode. It is found that when the disturbance is small, a static production plan can be robust to the disturbance. However, when the disturbance is large, to coordinate the supply chain, the retailer should dynamically adjust the price and order quantity by changing the discount policies. A numerical example is used to verify the results obtained in this paper.