中国历史上第一曲伟大的人的赞歌

The First Great Praise of Men in Chinese History

本文把《史记》写人的成就与人类自我意识的觉醒——即"人的自觉"联系起来考察,认为自中华民族进入文明期以来到汉代大一统的稳定帝国的建立,是一个大的(或说极大的)历史阶段,作为这第一大周期的总结归纳者,前期的代表人物是孔子,他是思想文化集大成的归纳者。在后期的代表人物是司马迁,他是人的自我意识成果的归纳者。文中对人类自我意识的形成与发展过程作了概要勾勒,并论述了《史记》所写出的人,既是历史的人,又是人性的人;既是历史的人,又是艺术形象的人,是司马迁所谱出的中国历史上第一曲伟大的人的赞歌。

In this article, the achievements of Historical Records in writing about men and the awakening of self -consciousness in human beings, that is, human self-consciousness, are explored correlatedly, concluding that the period from the entrance of the Chinese nation into civilization to the establishment of a stable unified imperial in the Han Dynasty, is a enormous historical stage. As a representative of the former period in this big cycle, Confucius summarized all kinds of thoughts and cultures; while Sima Qian, as the representative of the latter period, generalized the achievements of self-consciousness. The author makes an outline of the formation and development of human self- consciousness in this article, and discusses that men written in Historical Records are not only men in history but also men with humanity; not only men in history but also men in art. Therefore, Historical Records by Sima Qian is the first great praise of men in Chinese history.