云南红皮果蔗在贵州蔗区的试种表现

Phenotypic Performance of Yunnan Red Skin Fruit Sugarcane(Saccharum officenarum L.) in Guizhou Sugarcane Planting Area

[目的]研究云南红皮果蔗在贵州蔗区的试种表现。[方法]2007年底,云南果蔗当家品种云南红皮果蔗被引入贵州,植于望谟县岜赖村。2008～2009年进行试种观察。[结果]云南红皮果蔗出苗率为45.9%,分蘖率为105.1%,株高为282 cm,茎径为3.2 cm,糖分锤度为19.1%,有效茎为75 037.5条/hm2,产量为143 769.75 kg/hm2;茎皮紫红,商品性好;蔗汁多,清甜蜜香,口感好,品质优良;宿根性好,适应性广,较抗旱抗寒,较抗病虫害;中早熟,糖分积累早,上市早,丰产稳产,效益好。[结论]云南红皮果蔗适宜贵州蔗区栽培,可以大力推广应用,促进贵州果蔗产业发展和农民增收。

[Objective] The aim was to study the phenotypic performance of Yunnan red skin fruit sugarcane in Guizhou sugarcane planting area.[Method] Yunnan red skin fruit sugarcane,the main variety in Yunnan,was introduced and planted in Balai,Wangmo district of Guizhou in late 2007.Its phenotypic performances were observed from 2008 to 2009.[Result] The results showed that the germination rate,tillering rate,stalk height,stalk diameter,sugar brix,efficacious stalk number and yield were 45.9%,105.1%,282 cm,3.2 cm,19.1%,75 037.5 stems/hm2 and 143 769.75 kg/hm2,respectively.Yunnan red skin fruit sugarcane was a variety of high commercial value with purple stem.It also had superior quality for the high content of stalk juice with a sweet and refreshing taste.Moreover,it had good ratoon,wide adaptability,high resistance to drought and cold and relative resistance to diseases and insect pests.Good profitability could be obtained because it was a middle-early mature variety with early sugar accumulation and showed high productivity and stability.[Conclusion] Yunnan red skin fruit sugarcane was well adapted to Guizhou sugarcane planting area.The fruit sugarcane industry will be better developed and the farmer＇s income will be significantly improved when its application is popularized.