促红细胞生成素对缺血性视网膜病变分子作用机制的研究进展

Research progress in molecular mechanism of erythropoietin and ischemic retinal disease

促红细胞生成素（EPO）是一种内源性细胞因子，具有调节红细胞生成等多种生物学效应。既往研究证实，EPO是一种独立的促新生血管形成因子，与缺血缺氧导致视网膜新生血管的发生密切相关，尤其是在早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）中起重要作用。近年来EPO与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）关系的实验研究发现，在糖尿病早期EPO作为神经营养因子主要起保护作用，然而一旦进入增生期，EPO具有与血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）相似的促进血管生成的潜力。此外，最新临床研究证实玻璃体腔注射EPO对目前治疗无效的顽固性糖尿病黄斑水肿（DME）患者有一定的疗效。就EPO及其受体在缺血性视网膜病变中的分子作用及机制的研究进展进行综述。

Recent researches have achieved new progress in the function and signal transduction molecular mechanisms of erythropoietin （EPO）. Previous studies confirmed that EPO is an independent angiogenic factor, especially in the development of retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）. Recent research found that EPO protect the neurons as a neurotrophic factor. However,in proliferation stage as an angiogenic factor,EPO shares similarities with vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in the early phase of diabetes. Besides, a recent study about effects of intravitreal EPO therapy for patients with chronic and progressive diabetic macular edema showed a short-term positive response. Here, the effects and molecular mechanisms of EPO/EPOR system in isehemic retinal disease were reviewed.