冰鲜野杂鱼和配合饲料对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长、消化酶活力及血细胞的影响研究

Effects of two Different Diets on the Growth,Digestive Enzyme Activity and Haemocytes in Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

采用配合饲料和冰鲜野杂鱼饲养中华绒螯蟹幼蟹30d,观察两种饲料对蟹存活率、规格(体长、体宽和体重)和肝胰腺指数的影响,并对肝胰腺内的消化酶(蛋白酶,淀粉酶和脂肪酶)及血淋巴中的血细胞组成与大小进行计算与测量.结果表明:冰鲜野杂鱼组中华绒螯蟹规格显著高于配合饲料组,而存活率、肝胰腺指数和消化酶活性显著低于配合饲料组(P<0.05).两种饵料组蟹的4种类型血细胞中,均以小颗粒细胞所占比例最高,约为64%.在血细胞比例方面,两种饵料组仅在无颗粒细胞和小颗粒细胞两种细胞类型比例上存在显著差异(P<0.05),配合饲料组无颗粒细胞比例小于冰鲜野杂鱼组,而小颗粒细胞则相反;在血细胞大小方面,仅小颗粒细胞和大颗粒细胞在两组间存在显著差异(P<0.05),但比较两组各血细胞核质比后,发现配合饲料组无颗粒细胞小于冰鲜野杂鱼组,而小颗粒细胞则相反.结论:冰鲜野杂鱼对中华绒螯蟹的生长有一定促进作用.冰鲜野杂鱼通过调控血细胞比例,间接影响了蟹的免疫力.配合饲料有待进一步优化.

To investigate the effects of different diets on the juvenile Chinese mitten crab after feeding for 30days,multiple indexes including body length,body width,body weight,survival rate and hepa-tosomatic index（HSI） were compared between two different diets groups.In addition,digestive enzyme activities（trypsin,amylase,lipase） in hepatopancreas were also detected,and the proportions of different haemocytes in haemolymph were calculated.The results showed that the size of individuals fed with fresh frozen trash fish is significantly larger than those in experiment feed group.However,survival rate,HSI and digestive enzymes activities are significantly lower than those in experiment feed group（P0.05）.Interestingly,small granular cells in both groups accounted for the highest proportion（approximately 64%）.In experiment feed group,the proportion of agranular cells was significantly lower than that in fresh frozen fish group,but the proportion of small granular cells indicated the opposite results（P0.05）.With respect to the size of haemocytes,significant differences were observed in the small and large granular cells between groups（P0.05）.Moreover,the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of agranular cells in experiment feed fed-crabs was smaller compared with that of their counterparts,but the small granular cells showed the opposite results.Fresh frozen trash fish might play a role in promoting the growth of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs.In addition,trash fish feed potentially plays an indirect role in regulating immune system by affecting the size and proportion of haemocytes.