寒地冬小麦对低温逆境的生理适应

PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTABILITY OF DONGNONGDONGMAI 1 TO LOW TEMPERATURE STRESS OF HIGH-COLD AREA

冬小麦东农冬麦1号可在黑龙江省高寒地区安全越冬(返青率大于85%),研究其对低温逆境的适应特性对于了解植物的抗寒机制具有重要意义。以东农冬麦1号为试材,测定了大田自然降温(最低温度5℃到-15℃)条件下冬小麦不同器官的抗寒生理指标及3种抗寒基因表达量的变化。结果表明:东农冬麦1号分蘖节中抗寒物质的储备能力强于叶片和根系,并且随温度的降低,分蘖节中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、ABA、ZR含量及SOD活性增加明显;抗寒基因wrab17、wcor80和wcor413-like表达量随温度降低而增加,其中wrab17和wcor80在根、叶和分蘖节中均有表达,而wcor413-like只在分蘖节中表达。东农冬麦1号不同器官抗寒基因表达分析结果与其生理指标测定结果一致,均表现为分蘖节对低温逆境的适应能力强于叶片和根系。

＂Dongnongdongmai 1＂ is the uniqueness winter wheat cultivar which can survive in cold area such as Heilongjiang（overwinter survival rate more than 85%）.It is important to study the adaptability to low temperature stress and cold-resistance mechanism of plants.Dongnongdongmai 1 was used in this experiment,and physiological indexes and the expression change of three cold resistant genes were studied in different organs under natural temperature reduction with the lowest temperature of 5℃to-15℃ in the field.Result indicated that the tillering node was the most important organ because it contained more substances related to cold-resistance than leaf and root.With the temperature reduced,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,ABA,ZR,SOD activity and expressions of cold resistant genes were obviously increased.The genes of wrab17 and wcor80 were expressed in root,leaf and tillering node.While wcor413-like was only expressed in tillering node.