1609—1615年长江下游地区梅雨特征的重建

Reconstruction of Characteristics of Plum Rain during 1609—1615 in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

根据明代李日华的《味水轩日记》和项鼎铉的《呼桓日记》中有关浙江嘉兴地区的夏季天气、感应记录,重建了1609-1615年夏季嘉兴地区的降水序列,并确定其梅雨期的入梅和出梅时间。据此,对上述年份梅雨进行了分类,其降水在雨期开始、结束日期和持续时间等特征上与现代浙江北部地区的梅雨特征均存在一定差异。进而根据地方志中的旱涝灾害情况,分析了梅雨特征与长江中下游地区旱涝的关系,二者虽然有密切关系,但不是完全意义上的契合,甚至有些年份完全相反。这对于了解小冰期前期的梅雨活动和特征以及与长江中下游地区旱涝状况均具有重要意义。

Based on the climate records of Jiaxing area from Wei Shuixuan Diary and Hu Huan Diary of Ming Dynasty,the paper reconstructs the plum rain seasons precipitation series of Jiaxing in Zhejiang Provinces from 1609 to 1615.At the same time,the starting and ending dates of the plum rain seasons are defined and accordingly the types of plum rain in these years are classified.Characteristics of starting,ending and lasted time are different from the modern plum rain in the northern Zhejiang Province.Then compared with the drought/flood records of the local chronicles,analyzes the relationships between characteristics of plum rain and drought/flood in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,both have close relationship,but not completely fit,and even some years completely opposite.This has great significance to understand activities and characteristics of plum rain,and the drought/flood situation in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River.