日粮中添加调味剂对围产期奶牛采食量、产后体重和体况评分的影响

Effects of Feed Flavor on Feed Intake,Postpartum Body Weight and Body Condition Score in Peripartum Holstein Cows

选用32头干奶后期荷斯坦牛,按照年龄、体重、胎次和上个周期产奶量相同或相近的原则,随机分成4个处理组,研究在日粮中添加草香味调味剂、焦糖味调味剂和果香味调味剂(添加比例100g/t TMR日粮),对奶牛采食量、产后体重恢复和体况评分的影响。结果表明,在日粮中添加调味剂对围产期奶牛产前和产后的干物质采食量有提高的趋势,其中产前日粮添加调味剂A(草香味)和调味剂B(焦糖味)可以显著提高奶牛的干物质采食量(P<0.05);在日粮中添加调味剂对围产期奶牛产后体重的恢复有促进作用,其中添加调味剂B(焦糖味)组奶牛在产后28天和42天的测定值显示,可以显著影响围产期奶牛产后的体重恢复(P<0.05);在日粮中添加调味剂对围产期奶牛产后体况的恢复有促进作用,其中在奶牛产后14天的测定值显示,添加调味剂B(焦糖味)可以显著改善奶牛的体况(P<0.05);在产后28天,添加调味剂B(焦糖味)和调味剂C(果香味)可以显著改善奶牛的体况(P<0.05);在产后42天,添加调味剂A(草香味)、调味剂B(焦糖味)和调味剂C(果香味)都可以显著改善奶牛的体况(P<0.05)。即在围产期奶牛日粮中添加不同风味的调味剂,都可以提高奶牛的干物质采食量,促进奶牛产后体重和体况的恢复,其中焦糖味调味剂的效果最为明显。

Thirty-two Holstein cows in peripartum were allotted into four treatments based on the same conditions as time of life,body weight,lactation number and corrected milk yield in last lactation by randomized block design.The experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feed flavor（adding proportion 100g/t TMR） on feed intake,postpartum body weight and body conditionscore of Holstein cows in peripartum.The results showed that DMI were improved by adding caramel feed flavor and grass feed flavor in diets of cows in peripartum（P0.05）.Body weight was increased by adding caramel feed flavor in diets（P0.05）.Body condition score was improved by adding caramel feed flavor,grass feed flavor and apple feed flavor in diets（P0.05）.These results indicated that DMI,body weight and body condition score were improved by adding different kinds of feed flavor in diet of Holstein dairy cows in peripartum,adding caramel feed flavor had the best effect.