论(托名)狄奥尼修斯《神秘神学》的神秘神学

A Study of Pseudo-Dionysius's The Divine Names and The Mystical Theology

本文集中笔墨的主要意图,在于以《神秘神学》希腊原典的文本为主要依据,并参照其他文本,①探讨神性黑暗这一《神秘神学》的主题,从而对问题的研讨具有如下的逻辑起点和思维路径的展开:从神秘的黑暗或超明亮的神性黑暗这一主题的分析切入,以(持续不断体现在后文中的)不同的视角,特别是哲学神学、神学以及神秘神学的视角,在与奥古斯丁比较的同时,考量以神性黑暗这一意象所体现的上帝表述的内涵,探讨(托名)狄奥尼修斯的语言风格最具特色之处,特别是所谓形上语言的-结构,亦即表述上帝的"超-结构;"并且指出,其语言风格表达了基督教始于上帝的精神故乡,提示出基督教从草创时期到独立时期的运行轨迹;他的意图在于借助"三位一体"概念将人引领到一种神秘认知的高峰,并且同时表述了与神性合一的神秘经验的状态及其无可言说性;此后,本文转入对于《神秘神学》的神秘神学思想的内涵的铺陈与分析,圈点出从认知否定到神秘黑暗的转换,或曰从形上哲学到神秘神学的方法论转换,进而在关联否定神学时探讨上帝作为涵盖一切的形象和否定一切的概念,并由此提示否定神学和神秘神学方法论。同时本文从本体论层面表明并分析了进入神秘状态的理性跨越行为,并随后判断(托名)狄奥尼修斯的神秘神学思想与其哲学神学既相关联又相区别之独特性;从逻辑思考的过程来看,本文随后将《神秘神学》中的上帝概念揭撕而出,认为上帝概念在其原本的否定概念意义上被考量。本文根据这一点不仅指出,(托名)狄奥尼修斯揭示了否定神学的本源,而且认为,对这一本源的揭示极具方法论价值;随后,本文以《神秘神学》中作为救赎意象的云和黑暗为例证,转入对神秘认知与神秘观想的研讨,并提示出(托名)狄奥尼修斯神秘神学思想在强调与上帝合一时的"基督"阙如性;本文同时也指出了(托名)狄奥尼修斯术语建构、学科建构的意图和努力,并肯定了这种意图和努力的重要性。最终,概括全文,并在呼应本文开篇的意义上提示(托名)狄奥尼修斯对于未来历史进程的目前还难以估量的重要性,由此而作一收尾性的结语。

Based on the original Greek text of Pseudo-Dionysius's The Divine Names and The Mystical Theology as well as other texts,the paper explores the theme of theological darkness and focuses on the following: It starts with an analysis of the mystical theme of darkness or super-bright mystical darkness and from the perspectives of philosophical mythology,mythology and mystical mythology as well as a comparison with Augustinus,it tries to reveal the implications of God's expression of the image of mystical mythology and its typical language feature as a super-structure which indicates that Christianity originates in the spiritual home of God and its historical development as well as its concept of Trinity leading mankind to a mystical understanding and its unspeakable mystical experience.The paper also discuses the philosophical connotations of The Divine Names and The Mystical Theology,its methodological transformation,its ontological approach,the correlation between mystical mythology and philosophical mythology,its concept of God,its symbols and terms as well as its significance at present and in future.